A. INTRODUCTION
Education is the thing that gets special attention from the current government, because to face the era of globalization of a country must have a quality education. Quality education can be seen from classroom teaching and learning process. In teaching and learning, teachers have an important role as an inspiration in the classroom teacher. Where the teacher becomes an example for her students. In addition to teachers, there are other things that needed to improve the quality education.
Teaching can only be done properly by someone who has passed certain education that is designed to prepare teachers. In other words, teaching is a profession. In line with developments in science and society, emerged two trends: First, the teaching process becomes an increasingly varied activities, complex, and cumbersome. Secondly, there is a tendency structural authority, wants to force teachers to teach how to use a complex and difficult. As a result of the emergence of two trends above, then the teachers are required to master a variety of teaching methods and are required to use such methods. For instance, requires teaching. To that end, teachers should be trained with a variety of teaching methods and behaviors that are considered advanced. Similarly, in teacher education institutions, students are required to take a variety of subjects related to teaching. But so far the development of teaching an increasingly complex and intricate yet to impact significantly on the quality of students. It is not surprising that then the question arises why teaching became such a complex and complicated. For that will be discussed on the things that is needed to develop the learning process, especially math.
B. DEVELOP TEACHING LEARNING PROCESS IN JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL
To develop teaching learning process in junior high school can be done by develop this element:
1. Lesson plan
Lesson plan is a description of the learning process will be teachers in the classroom, on what will be taught to students. Planning the learning process involves learning the syllabus and the implementation plan that includes the identity of subjects, competency standards, competency base, indicators of achievement of competencies, learning objectives, teaching materials, time allocation, teaching methods, learning activities, assessment of learning outcomes, and learning resources. lesson plan that is made should be explained in detail about what will be required of teachers and teachers in the learning process. As this will facilitate the teacher in teaching and learning.
Each subject, behind the material can be presented clearly, has a value and the specific characteristics of the underlying material. Therefore, every teacher in presenting a subject should be fully aware that as the present subject matter, he must also develop the character and nature that underlie the subject itself.
In addition to the material being taught, teachers must also consider the allocation of time when creating a lesson plan. Teachers should be able to take into account the time available and the time available so that all the material can be delivered and no shortage of time.
When creating lesson plans, teachers should also plan what tools are used to support the learning so that students more easily understand the material being studied.
Not forgetting the teacher should set standards for the assessment and evaluation of the learning process is done.
2. Student’s work sheet
Student Worksheet is one type of teaching aids, and some even classify the kind props of learning mathematics. In general, the student's work sheet is a tool of learning as a complement or a means of supporting the implementation of the lesson plan. Student worksheets form of sheets of paper in the form of information or matters that must be answered by learners. Student's work sheet is very well used to promote the involvement of learners in learning both in the application of the method used to provide training and guided development. In the process of learning mathematics, student’s work sheet aim to find concepts or principles and applications of concepts or principles. The worksheet can be used as teaching itself, educating students to become independent, confident, disciplined, responsible and able to take decisions. Student's work sheet in teaching and learning activities can be utilized at the concept stage of planting or at planting stage concept. Utilization of the worksheet on stage means that the student's understanding of the concept of work sheets used to study a topic in order to deepen the knowledge about a topic that has been studied in the previous stage of planting concept.
3. Small group discussion
One method of learning is by small group discussions, in which the teacher divides the class into small groups. After being divided into small groups and then the teacher gives a problem to be discussed in the group discussion. Students can deliver their ideas in solving the given problem. After every student in the group expressed the idea, then they make conclusion in their group. At the time of each group discussion, teachers around the class to check whether there are groups who have difficulties in resolving problems that given. If there are groups who have difficulties, the teacher will help with a bit of explanation so that students have an idea to solve problems that given. After all groups finished discussing the problem and find the solution, then the results of these discussions were presented in front of the class to receive a response from other group. In the end of learning groups with students and teachers to conclude from what has been discussed.
In small group discussion of this interaction is not only one direction but in different directions, between teachers and students, students with students and between groups. Students are also able to convey his ideas in solving the given problem so that students not only listen to explanations from the teacher will but finds his own way of solving problems. These premises students will better understand the material being studied because students do not just memorize.
4. Various interaction
There are three type interaction in teaching learning prossces, first whole where teacher explain to all of student about the material, in this interaction only one way from teacher to student or we can called it teacher center. Next various of interaction is small group where teacher divide the class in to some of small group, and then teacher give some problem to discus by the group. After the discus the problem and find the solution then the group presented the result in front of the class. Every group can delivery their idea how to solve the problem, so will be there any problem solving and may be every group will be different way. and interactions of individuals, namely the interaction between teachers and students or students individually with students individually. individual interaction between teachers and students occur if there are students who are having trouble and then the teacher explains specifically to these students. in the learning process can be applied not only one interaction as needed. expected interactions that occur not only in one direction from teacher to student, but in different directions.
5. Various of teaching method
Teaching method is the study of ways to do activities that sistematically of an environment consisting of educators and learners to interact in performing an activity so that the learning process goes well in terms of teaching goals achieved.
To be achieved in accordance with the teaching objectives that have been formulated by educators, it is necessary to know, learn some methods of teaching, as well as practiced at the time of teaching.
Several methods of teaching
· Lecture method (Preaching Method)
Lecture method is a method of teaching by delivering information and knowledge by spoken to students who generally follow passively. Lecture method can be considered as only one of the most economical method to convey information, and the most effective in addressing the scarcity of literature or referral in accordance with the reach and understand students' purchasing power.
· Discussion method (Discussion method)
Discussion method is a method of teaching which is closely related to problem solving. This method is also commonly referred to as group discussion and the recitation together.
· Method of demonstration (Demonstration method)
Demonstration method is a method of teaching by way of demonstrating the goods, events, rules, and perform a sequence of activities, either directly or through the use of teaching that are relevant to the subject or the material being presented. Demonstration method is a method used to show something or the workings of an object with respect to learning materials.
· Experimental methods (Experimental method)
Experimental method is a method of giving opportunity to the students individual or group, trained to perform a process or experiment. Experimental method is a method that uses a particular teaching and performed more than once. For example in the Laboratory.
· Methods of problem solving (problem solving method)
This method is a method of teaching where students were given the questions, then asked to solve.
For effective teaching to take place, a good method must be adopted by a teacher. A teacher has many options when choosing a style by which to teach. The teacher may write lesson plans of their own, borrow plans from other teachers, or search online or within books for lesson plans. When deciding what teaching method to use, a teacher needs to consider students' background knowledge, environment, and learning goals. Teachers are aware that students learn in different ways, but almost all children will respond well to praise. Students have different ways of absorbing information and of demonstrating their knowledge. Teachers often use techniques which cater to multiple learning styles to help students retain information and strengthen understanding. A variety of strategies and methods are used to ensure that all students have equal opportunities to learn.
6. Student’s reflection
Student reflection is part of the learning process where students present their knowledge they have received. Student reflection in teaching learning proces done after the student performed at the end of discussion. Student’s reflection will train students to communicate ideas and ideas to the class, it will train students the confidence and skills in delivering the opinion of students.
7. Cognitive shceme
Teachers help students to make the shcema of knowledge with newly acquired knowledge of students so that there is linkage. With the linkage between the knowledge possessed by new knowledge, learning will become more meaningful. Students not only memorize the material but also understand and know the concept.
8. Student’s conclusion
After discussion and presented the results of discussions, the next step is to draw conclusions. In this step the teacher should involve students, teachers lead character only if students have difficulty, so classes are not only controlled by the teacher.
9. Apperception
Apperception is the process by which new experience is assimilated to and transformed by the residuum of past experience of an individual to form a new whole. In short, it is to perceive new experience in relation to past experience. Apperception is thus a general term for all mental processes in which a presentation is brought into connexion with an already existent and systematized mental conception, and thereby is classified, explained or, in a word, understood new scientific phenomenon is explained in the light of phenomena already analysed and classified. The whole intelligent life of man is, consciously or unconsciously, a process of apperception, in as much as every act of attention involves the appercipient process
10. Assessment
Assessment is often equated and confused with evaluation, but the two concepts are different. Assessment is used to determine what a student knows or can do, while evaluation is used to determine the worth or value of a course or program. Assessment data effects student advancement, placement, and grades, as well as decisions about instructional strategies and curriculum. Evaluations often utilize assessment data along with other resources to make decisions about revising, adopting, or rejecting a course or program. First and foremost, your design of test items should be based on the student outcomes you seek. The first step in designing a quality assessment is to analyze your learning situation by outlining goals and objectives, then determining the type of learning those outcomes represent 11. Various media and teaching aids
Materials include textbooks, video and audio tapes, computer software, and visual aids. They influence the content and the procedures of learning. The choice of deductive vs inductive learning, the role of memorization, the use of creativity and problem solving, production vs. reception, and the order in which materials are presented are all influenced by the materials.
Technology, such as OHP, slides, video and audio tape recorders, video cameras, and computers, supports instruction/learning .
C. CONCLUSION
The quality of education becomes something very important today, this is because the growth in time of need human resources as well. For that the government continues to strive to improve the quality of education in Indonesia. Quality education can be seen from the learning process in class. Teachers have an important role in this case, a teacher must be more creative in developing learning in the classroom. This can be done by developing the elements of teaching learning, They are lesson plans, small group discussion, student’s work sheet, various of interaction, various of teaching method, cognitive scheme, student’s reflection, student’s conclusion, apperception, assessment, various media and teaching aids.
